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  • Home
  • Explore Brexit
    • Brexit Explained
    • What Changed?
    • UK & EU Today
  • Rejoining the EU
  • The Brexit Files
    • Explainers
    • Economy & Trade
    • People, Rights & Public Services
    • Sovereignty, Borders & Immigration
  • About

Sovereignty, Borders & Immigration

Evidence and analysis on Brexit’s impact on sovereignty, law-making, immigration, borders, Northern Ireland and the balance between national control and international obligations.

Brexit and Northern Ireland: Did Brexit Solve the Border Problem — or Move It?

Brexit and Northern Ireland border problem

Brexit promised no hard Irish border and no new barriers within the UK. We examine how the Northern Ireland Protocol and Windsor Framework tried to reconcile those goals — and where the border problem ultimately went.

Brexit Sovereignty: Did Britain Really Take Back Control of Its Laws?

Brexit sovereignty and the transfer of law-making authority from EU institutions to the UK Parliament

Brexit ended the general supremacy of EU law and gave Britain greater regulatory freedom. But did Parliament ever really lose sovereignty — and how much freedom does the UK have now?

Brexit and Immigration: Did Britain Really Take Back Control?

Brexit immigration and the change from EU free movement to UK-controlled immigration rules

Brexit ended EU free movement and gave Britain more control over immigration policy. So why did net migration later hit a record high — and why has it now fallen?

Evidence and analysis on Brexit, UK–EU relations and EU membership

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